Rear-End Collisions: Causes, Injuries, and Liability

Some of the most common car accidents are rear-end collisions. Rear-end collisions can range from minor fender-benders to accidents with severe injuries. Rear-end collisions also raise questions about liability and who is responsible.

This article answers frequent questions about rear-end collisions, their causes, and legal concerns. The facts and circumstances of every accident and every person’s injuries are unique. A personal injury attorney will be able to answer your specific questions. Contact a local and experienced car accident lawyer for legal advice about your injury accident. 

What Are Common Causes of Rear-End Collisions?

A rear-end collision is when one vehicle crashes into the back of another vehicle. The most common causes include: 

• Distracted driving
• Speeding
• Tailgating
• Sudden stops
• Poor weather conditions 

What Are the Most Common Types of Injuries in Rear-End Collisions?

Injuries from rear-end crashes can range from very minor to fatal. The most common injuries include: 

• Whiplash: This is a neck injury that happens from rapid back-and-forth movement of the head. This injury may not hurt until hours or days after the accident. You should seek medical attention following a rear-end collision, even if you feel fine.
• Back injuries: These include sprains, fractures, spinal cord injuries, soft tissue injuries, and disc injuries.
• Head injuries: These include concussions and more severe traumatic brain injuries.
• Facial injuries: Rear-end collisions frequently cause the airbag to deploy, which can cause facial injuries. Drivers and passengers can also hit the steering wheel or dashboard. 

Who Is Typically at Fault in a Rear-End Collision? 

Typically, the driver who rear-ends another vehicle is at fault. Investigators generally assume that the driver was following the vehicle ahead of them too closely or not paying attention. However, the front driver is not immune from liability. If the lead vehicle contributed to the accident, they may share fault. Vehicle accident claims can depend on state comparative negligence laws.

What Factors Affect Liability in a Rear-End Collision?

Liability in a rear-end collision is not always straightforward. Some factors that can affect liability include: 

• Contributory negligence: If the leading driver was also negligent, they can share liability with the rear driver. Examples of front driver’s negligence include sudden braking without cause or not maintaining their brake lights.
• Weather and road conditions: Slippery roads or reduced visibility can play a role in determining fault.
• Multiple vehicles: Liability becomes less certain when multiple vehicles are involved in a chain reaction, such as a pile-up collision. 

What Should I Do if I Am Involved in a Rear-End Collision? 

If you are in a rear-end collision, you should do the following: 

1. Check for injuries and call emergency services if necessary.
2. Move your car and accident victims to a safe location if possible.
3. Seek medical attention, even if you feel fine, as some severe injuries can manifest later.
4. Exchange information with the other drivers involved.
5. Gather evidence and document the scene with photos.
6. Talk to witnesses, get their statements, and get their contact information.
7. Keep all medical bills and documents related to medical treatment.
8. Report the accident to the police.
9. Report the accident to your insurance company.
10. Consult with a personal injury lawyer.

How Can I Prevent a Rear-End Collision?

Maintain an appropriate and safe distance behind the car in front of you. At higher speeds, you should keep a more significant buffer between yourself and the car in front. Hazardous road conditions can also increase braking distance. Adjust your speed and following distance in poor weather or heavy traffic. 

Avoid distractions and keep your focus on the traffic and conditions ahead. Pay attention to brake lights and signals from vehicles way ahead of you and right in front of you to anticipate stops or slowdowns.

How Does Insurance Work in a Rear-End Collision?

Insurance implications will vary based on fault, insurance coverage, policy, and state laws. Typically, the at-fault driver’s insurance will cover the damages and injuries sustained by the other party. However, in no-fault states, each party’s insurance may cover their own damages and injuries regardless of who is at fault.

Be sure you understand your insurance coverage. Talk to your insurance company immediately after the accident and contact a lawyer with questions. 

How Can a Lawyer Help After a Rear-End Accident?

The consequences of a rear-end collision will depend on the extent of the damages. This includes higher insurance rates and a possible personal injury lawsuit. In a severe accident, the damages can include medical expenses, lost wages, and pain and suffering. If you are in a rear-end collision, contact a local and experienced personal injury lawyer. They will be the best source for your legal rights and assess who is at fault. If necessary, a car accident attorney can represent you in a lawsuit.