Small claims court is a part of the civil judicial system. Cases are sometimes heard by judges, but more often by commissioners. The rules and procedure for cases varies from place to place. Generally, cases must be worth less than $5,000 or they must be filed elsewhere. Many cases go unchallenged, as where only one party shows up on the day of the hearing. Cases can be filed without an attorney, though it is common for certain types of businesses to hire lawyers to bring several small claims court cases at a time for resolution.

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